3. Temperature

The average annual temperature is + 7.9 oC. The highest is in Prague (10.1 oC) and the lowest on the top of the Sněžka Mt. (-0.2oC), the highest point of the Czech republic. Prague basin is the warmest area and the mountains areas are the coldest (below 3oC in annual average). See the figure below.
July is the warmest month (sometimes June or August), the average July temperatures are 8-20oC. January is mostly the coldest months (plus 1oC till minus 7.5oC).
The highest ever measured temperature is 40.4oC from the town of Dobřichovice near Prague which was measured 20th of August 2012. The lowest ever measured temperature (-42.2oC) was achieved in the town of Litvínovice near České Budějovice the 11th of February 1929.

air temperature

Fig. 1. Spatial distribution of the average annual air temperature 1981-2010.


graph of monthly temperatures

Fig. 2. Monthly average temperatures in 2019 (blue), long-term average (orange) and deviation from average (grey).


Annual temperature amplitude (the difference between the minimum and maximum monthly temperature) depends on the elevation and longitude. South Moravia, Prague and Labe Basin have the maximum value around 20oC. It decreases with increasing altitude (the mountains have around 15oC). It also decreases from the east to west.

We can also observe the temperature singularities during the year. Some of theme are included in the folk sayings/adages. E.g. so called "Ledoví muži " (Ice men) which are connected with a cooling around 12th and14th May caused by the thawing of the arctic sea ice in the Arctic Ocean. Further, so called "Babí léto" (the Indian summer) which means the summer weather (warm, sunny days) in September.