2. Types of hybrid drives

2.3. Split-power hybrid drive

1 – ICE

2 – fuel tank

3 – planetary gear

4 – electric machine (motor)

5 – power inverter

6 – battery

7 – electric machine (generator)


  • It combines both configurations, serial and parallel.
  • 1x ICE (1), 2x electric machine (4) and (7)
  • The variant in Fig. 3 shows the connection by means of a planetary gear (3).
  • The variant in Fig. 3 with a planetary gearbox and a 2nd electric machine (7) makes it possible to realize a continuously variable transmission between the axle and the ICE (1), similarly to CVT gearboxes.
  • There are a number of modes, e.g.
    • the internal combustion engine (ICE) (1) can drive the vehicle independently, as well as a purely electric drive,
    • part of the power of the internal combustion engine can drive the axle and the rest can recharge the battery at the same time.
  • There system disposes by several degrees of freedom, requiring sophisticated management strategies to optimize efficiency.


Split-power hybrid drive with planetary gearbox without clutch



Toyota Hybrid System


Opel Ampera/Chevrolet Volt - drive with multiple clutches








Bosch Automotive Electrics and Automotive Electronics: System Components, Networking and Hybrid Drive, Robert Bosch GmbH, Springer 2007, ISBN 978-3-658-01783-5
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