3. Degrees of vehicle electrification

3.1. Micro hybrid

  • Start & stop + ESM (Energy Smart Management)
  • Turns off ICE when standing
  • Uses a 12 V battery (usually Pb)
  • Reduce fuel consumption with ESM
    • The 12 V battery supplies the car's consumption even when the engine is running, the alternator is unloaded => reduction of fuel consumption.
    • The 12 V battery is recharged when
      • braking,
      • in the area of maximum ICE efficiency.
  • The electric machine does not contribute to the driving torque.